Kulesi sihloko, sizobheka ubuchwepheshe obuningana nezinto ezisetshenziswayo ukwenza izingxenye zokukhiqiza, izinzuzo zazo, izinto okufanele zicatshangelwe, nokuningi.
Isingeniso
Ukukhiqiza izingxenye zokukhiqiza - ezaziwa nangokuthi izingxenye ezisetshenziswayo ekugcineni - kubhekisela ohlelweni lokusebenzisa izinto ezingavuthiwe ukuze kwakhiwe ingxenye eklanyelwe futhi ekhiqizwe ukuze isetshenziswe emkhiqizweni wokugcina, ngokuphambene ne-prototype noma imodeli.Bheka umhlahlandlela wethu kuukukhiqiza ama-prototypes okuqalaukufunda okwengeziwe ngalokhu.
Ukuqinisekisa ukuthi izingxenye zakho zisebenza endaweni yomhlaba wangempela - njengezingxenye zemishini, izingxenye zemoto, imikhiqizo yabathengi, nanoma iyiphi enye injongo yokusebenza - ukukhiqiza kufanele kukhulunywe ngalokhu engqondweni.Ukuze ukhiqize ngempumelelo nangempumelelo izingxenye zokukhiqiza, kufanele ucabangele izinto zokwakha, ukwakheka, nezindlela zokukhiqiza ukuze uqinisekise ukuthi uhlangabezana nezidingo ezidingekayo zokusebenza, ukuphepha, kanye nekhwalithi.
Ukukhetha izinto zezingxenye zokukhiqiza
Izinto ezivamile zezingxenye ezihloselwe ukukhiqizwa zihlanganisa izinsimbi ezifana nensimbi noma i-aluminium, amapulasitiki afana ne-ABS, i-polycarbonate, nenayiloni, izinhlanganisela ezifana ne-carbon fibre ne-fiberglass nezitsha ezithile zobumba.
Impahla efanele yezingxenye zakho zokusebenzisa ekugcineni izoncika ezidingweni ezithile zohlelo lokusebenza, kanye nezindleko zayo nokutholakala kwayo.Nazi izici ezimbalwa ezijwayelekile okufanele uzicabangele lapho ukhetha izinto zokwakha izingxenye zokukhiqiza:
❖ Amandla.Izinto zokwakha kufanele zibe namandla ngokwanele ukuze zimelane namandla lapho ingxenye izovezwa khona ngesikhathi sokusetshenziswa.Izinsimbi ziyizibonelo ezinhle zezinto eziqinile.
❖ Ukuqina.Izinto ezisetshenziswayo kufanele zikwazi ukumelana nokuguga nokuklebhuka ngokuhamba kwesikhathi ngaphandle kokwehliswa isithunzi noma ukuwohloka.Ama-Composites aziwa kokubili ukuqina namandla.
❖ Ukuvumelana nezimo.Kuye ngokusetshenziswa kwengxenye yokugcina, impahla ingase idinge ukuguquguquka ukuze ihambisane nokunyakaza noma ukuguqulwa.Amapulasitiki afana ne-polycarbonate nenayiloni aziwa ngokuguquguquka kwawo.
❖ Ukumelana nezinga lokushisa.Uma ingxenye izovezwa emazingeni okushisa aphezulu, isibonelo, impahla kufanele ikwazi ukumelana nokushisa ngaphandle kokuncibilika noma ukonakala.Insimbi, i-ABS, nezitsha zobumba ziyizibonelo zezinto ezibonisa ukumelana nezinga lokushisa okuhle.
Izindlela zokukhiqiza zezingxenye zokukhiqiza
Izinhlobo ezine zezindlela zokukhiqiza zisetshenziselwa ukwakha izingxenye zokukhiqiza:
❖ Ukukhiqiza okukhiphayo
❖ Ukukhiqiza okungeziwe
❖ Ukwakhiwa kwensimbi
❖ Ukusakaza
Ukukhiqiza okukhiphayo
Ukukhiqiza okukhiphayo - okubuye kwaziwe ngokuthi ukukhiqiza kwendabuko - kuhlanganisa ukukhipha impahla ocezu olukhudlwana lwempahla kuze kube yilapho kutholakala umumo owufunayo.Ukukhiqiza okukhiphayo kuvame ukushesha kunokukhiqiza okungeziwe, okuyenza ifaneleke kakhulu ukukhiqizwa kwenqwaba yevolumu ephezulu.Kodwa-ke, kungabiza kakhulu, ikakhulukazi uma kucatshangelwa izindleko zamathuluzi nokusetha, futhi ngokuvamile kukhiqiza imfucuza eyengeziwe.
Izinhlobo ezijwayelekile zokukhiqiza okukhiphayo zifaka:
❖ Ukulawulwa kwezinombolo zekhompyutha (CNC) ukugaya.Uhlobo lweCNC imishini, Ukugaya i-CNC kuhilela ukusebenzisa ithuluzi lokusika ukuze kukhishwe izinto ezivela kubhulokhi eliqinile ukuze udale ingxenye eqediwe.Iyakwazi ukwenza izingxenye ezinamazinga aphezulu okunemba nokunemba ezintweni ezifana nezinsimbi, amapulasitiki, nezinhlanganisela.
❖ Ukujika kwe-CNC.Futhi uhlobo lwemishini ye-CNC, ukujika kwe-CNC kusebenzisa ithuluzi lokusika ukuze kukhishwe izinto eziqinile ezijikelezayo.Ngokuvamile isetshenziselwa ukudala izinto eziyisilinda, njengama-valve noma ama-shafts.
❖ Ukwenziwa kwensimbi yeshidi.Kuukwenziwa kweshidi lensimbi, ishidi lensimbi eliyisicaba liyasikwa noma lakhiwe ngokuvumelana nepulani, ngokuvamile ifayela le-DXF noma le-CAD.
Ukukhiqiza okungeziwe
Ukukhiqiza okungeziwe - okubuye kwaziwe ngokuthi ukuphrinta kwe-3D - kubhekisela enqubweni lapho okubalulekile kwengezwa khona phezulu ukuze kwakhiwe ingxenye.Iyakwazi ukukhiqiza izimo eziyinkimbinkimbi kakhulu ebezingeke zenzeke ngezindlela zokukhiqiza zendabuko (ezikhiphayo), zikhiqize udoti omncane, futhi zingashesha futhi zingabizi kakhulu, ikakhulukazi lapho kukhiqizwa amaqoqo amancane ezingxenye eziyinkimbinkimbi.Ukudala izingxenye ezilula, nokho, kungase kube kancane kunokukhiqiza okukhiphayo, futhi ububanzi bezinto ezitholakalayo ngokuvamile buncane.
Izinhlobo ezijwayelekile zokukhiqiza okungeziwe zifaka:
❖ I-Stereolithography (SLA).Eyaziwa nangokuthi ukuphrinta kwe-resin 3D, i-SLA isebenzisa amalaser e-UV njengomthombo wokukhanya ukuze ikhethe ukwelapha inhlaka ye-polymer futhi idale ingxenye eqediwe.
❖ I-Fused Deposition Modeling (FDM).Eyaziwa nangokuthi i-fused filament fabrication (FFF),I-FDMyakha isendlalelo sezingxenye ngosendlalelo, ngokukhetha ifaka izinto ezincibilikisiwe endleleni enqunywe kusengaphambili.Isebenzisa ama-polymer e-thermoplastic afika ngemicu ukuze akhe izinto ezibonakalayo zokugcina.
❖ I-Selective Laser Sintering (SLS).KuUkuphrinta kwe-SLS 3D, i-laser ikhetha ngokukhetha izinhlayiya ze-polymer powder, iwahlanganise ndawonye futhi yakhe ingxenye, ungqimba ngongqimba.
❖ I-Multi Jet Fusion (MJF).Njengobuchwepheshe bokuphrinta be-3D be-HP,I-MJFingaletha ngokungaguquki nangokushesha izingxenye ezinamandla aqinile aqinile, izici ezinhle zokulungiswa kwesici, kanye nezakhiwo ezichazwe kahle zemishini
Ukwakhiwa kwensimbi
Ekwakheni insimbi, insimbi ibunjwa ibe yifomu elifiswayo ngokusebenzisa amandla ngokusebenzisa izindlela zemishini noma ezishisayo.Inqubo ingaba kushisa noma kubanda, kuye ngokuthi insimbi kanye nesimo oyifunayo.Izingxenye ezidalwe ngokwakhiwa kwensimbi ngokuvamile zifaka amandla amahle nokuqina.Futhi, kukhona imfucuza yezinto ezibonakalayo encane edaliwe kunezinye izinhlobo zokukhiqiza.
Izinhlobo ezijwayelekile zokwakha insimbi zihlanganisa:
❖ Ukuqamba.Insimbi iyashisisa, bese ilolongwa ngokufaka amandla acindezelayo kuyo.
❖ Ukukhipha.Insimbi iphoqelelwa ngedayi ukuze idale umumo noma iphrofayili oyifunayo.
❖ Umdwebo.Insimbi idonswa ngedayi ukuze kwakhiwe umumo noma iphrofayili oyifunayo.
❖ Ukugoba.Insimbi igotshwa ibe yisimo esifunekayo ngokusebenzisa amandla asetshenzisiwe.
Iyasakaza
Ukusakaza kuyinqubo yokukhiqiza lapho okuwuketshezi, okufana nensimbi, ipulasitiki, noma i-ceramic, kuthelwa esikhunjeni futhi kuvunyelwe ukuthi kuqine kube yisimo osifunayo.Isetshenziselwa ukudala izingxenye ezifaka amazinga aphezulu okunemba nokuphindaphinda.Ukusakaza nakho kuyinketho engabizi ekukhiqizweni kwenqwaba enkulu.
Izinhlobo ezijwayelekile zokulingisa zihlanganisa:
❖ Ukubumba umjovo.Inqubo yokukhiqiza esetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza izingxenye ngeukujova okuncibilikisiweimpahla - ngokuvamile ipulasitiki - ibe isikhunta.Izinto zibe sezipholile futhi ziqiniswe, bese ingxenye eqediwe ikhishwa esikhunjeni.
❖ Ukulingisa ukufa.Ku-die casting, insimbi encibilikisiwe iphoqeleka ukuba ingene emgodini wesikhunta ngaphansi kwengcindezi ephezulu.I-Die casting isetshenziselwa ukukhiqiza izimo eziyinkimbinkimbi ngokunemba okuphezulu nokuphindaphinda.
Idizayini yokwenziwa kanye nezingxenye zokukhiqiza
Idizayini yokukhiqiza noma yokwenza (I-DFM) isho indlela yobunjiniyela yokwakha ingxenye noma ithuluzi eligxile ekudizayineni kuqala, okuvumela umkhiqizo wokugcina osebenza ngempumelelo futhi oshibhile ukuwukhiqiza.Ukuhlaziywa kwe-DFM okuzenzakalelayo kwamaHubs kuvumela onjiniyela nabaklami ukuthi bakhe, baphindaphinde, benze lula, futhi balungiselele izingxenye ngaphambi kokuba zenziwe, okwenza yonke inqubo yokukhiqiza isebenze kahle.Ngokuklama izingxenye ezilula ukuzenza, isikhathi sokukhiqiza nezindleko zingancishiswa, njengoba kungaba sengozini yephutha kanye nokukhubazeka ezingxenyeni zokugcina.
Amathiphu okusebenzisa ukuhlaziya kwe-DFM ukuze unciphise izindleko zohlelo lwakho lokukhiqiza
❖ Nciphisa izingxenye.Ngokuvamile, izingxenye ezimbalwa ingxenye enazo, isikhathi sokuhlanganiswa siyancipha, ubungozi noma iphutha, kanye nezindleko zizonke.
❖ Ukutholakala.Izingxenye ezingakhiwa ngezindlela zokukhiqiza ezitholakalayo kanye nemishini - futhi enemiklamo elula kakhulu - kulula futhi kushibhile ukuyikhiqiza.
❖ Izinto kanye nezingxenye.Izingxenye ezisebenzisa izinto ezijwayelekile nezingxenye zingasiza ukunciphisa izindleko, zenze lula ukuphathwa kwe-supply chain, futhi ziqinisekise ukuthi izingxenye ezishintshayo zitholakala kalula.
❖ Ukuma kwengxenye.Cabangela ukuma kwengxenye ngesikhathi sokukhiqiza.Lokhu kungasiza ekunciphiseni isidingo sosekelo noma ezinye izici ezengeziwe ezingase zikhuphule sisonke isikhathi sokukhiqiza nezindleko.
❖ Gwema izindlela ezingaphansi.Ama-undercuts yizici ezivimbela ingxenye ekususweni kalula esikhunjeni noma ekuhlanganisweni.Ukugwema izindlela ezingaphansi kungasiza ukunciphisa isikhathi sokukhiqiza nezindleko, futhi kuthuthukise ikhwalithi iyonke yengxenye yokugcina.
Izindleko zezingxenye zokukhiqiza zokukhiqiza
Ukulinganisa ibhalansi phakathi kwekhwalithi nezindleko kubalulekile ezingxenyeni zokukhiqiza ezihloselwe ukukhiqizwa.Nazi izici ezimbalwa ezihlobene nezindleko okufanele zicatshangelwe:
❖ Izinto zokwakha.Izindleko zezinto ezingavuthiwe ezisetshenziswa enqubweni yokukhiqiza zincike ohlotsheni lwempahla esetshenzisiwe, ukutholakala kwayo, kanye nenani elidingekayo.
❖ Amathuluzi.Kubandakanya izindleko zemishini, isikhunta, namanye amathuluzi akhethekile asetshenziswa enqubweni yokukhiqiza.
❖ Ivolumu yokukhiqiza.Ngokuvamile, umthamo omkhulu wezingxenye ozikhiqizayo, izindleko zengxenye ngayinye ziyancipha.Lokhu kuyiqiniso ikakhulukaziukubumba umjovo, enikeza umnotho obalulekile wesilinganiso samavolumu ama-oda amakhulu.
❖ Izikhathi zokuhola.Izingxenye ezikhiqizwe ngokushesha kumaphrojekthi azwela isikhathi ngokuvamile zifaka izindleko eziphakeme kunalezo ezinezikhathi zokuhola ezinde.
Thola isilinganiso esisheshayoukuqhathanisa amanani nezikhathi zokuhola zezingxenye zakho zokukhiqiza.
Umthombo we-athikili:https://www.hubs.com/knowledge-hub/?topic=CNC+machining
Isikhathi sokuthumela: Apr-14-2023